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Least Cost Routing (LCR) - How It Can Adversely Affect Business Between You and Your Customers

Regarding connection and call quality issues on your voice or data communications... have you or your business experienced any of the following issues? Communication or connection issues with modems, alarms panels or any other telecommunication device? or... Someone tried to call you, but your phone never rang? Someone tried to call you, the phone rang on their end but didn’t on yours? A call came through, but the quality was poor? A call came through, but the Caller ID was incorrect? Especially if the issue happens suddenly, your phone line / service maybe experiencing its issues due to "Grey Routing" or a "Least Cost Routing" configuration change by your Phone Service Provider.   To save you from reading through the technical explanation that follows, I'll first start by stating a permanent solution... I highly recommend after  your issue has been re-mediated that you request for your line / circuit be placed on an "exceptio...

Monitor / Display Issues After Windows 10 Upgrade

Before proceeding... it goes without saying to make sure you have visited the website of the manufacture of the monitor(s) in question and be sure you are using the most update to date Windows driver for your monitors. If not, download and install. -------------------------- Really digging the new Windows 10 upgrade, which I have performed on several devices thus far... laptops, tablets (even the $99.00 Winbooks) and domain attached computers (non-enterprise licensed machines). But... With just a few of the upgrades, I ran into a couple of the following issues relating to Display... - External monitors no longer worked. - Two external monitors presented the same display (mirrored), when I wanted to actually extend the display across both of them.  There were no options to make the changes I needed. Right clicking on the desktop and going to Display Settings or Personalize did not help. Nor did Windows see the extra monitor(s). While right clicking on the desktop to...

Get List of Exchange Public Folder User Permissions

In the past, end users who should not have had the ability to delete certain Exchange Public Folders from within their Outlook client accidentally  were able to do so.  When these users were initially set up for access to the folders, they were given the permission of 'Owner.'  Reason being, staff at the time were not set on how to grant the proper least priority permissions which would enable the users to make changes within in the folders without escalated permission that also allowed them to delete the folders. To correct the problem, I first needed to know who had what permissions to each folder.  What follows are several commands which can be used within the Microsoft Exchange Management Shell that allows you to obtain such information.  You can either output the information on screen, or to a file where you can use such a tool such as Excel to examine and sort the data. In the following examples, replace FOLDERNAME with the name of your ...

Windows 8 in the Corporate Environment

I personally made the investment and use 8.1 from my corporate workstation, though there isn't a current plan to roll out Windows 8.x to our end users. An Executive purchased a Surface tablet that we were tasked to support, and though we try to enforce a position of remote workers using company issued equipment, this is not yet corporate policy.  This has led me to encountering an end user who knew more about their OS than I, that is before I personally and professionally migrated to 8.x. I believe as IT professionals, we should always be one or two steps ahead of those who seek our leadership and support. There is a preponderance of negative opinion regarding 8.x from those who have not really taken the time to first hand vet 8.x within their corporate environment. Some IT professionals are weighing in who presently have yet to make the jump from Windows XP on their own workstation. I have become quite fond of 8.1, and more productive. Some of my IT colleagues went from ...

Network Congestion Symptoms

By using a network protocol analyzer such as Wireshark, a Network Administrator can determine if congestion is present on their network.  The key is looking for duplicate ACKs. Consistent duplicate ACKs are an indication that network congestion may be present. The problem is worth investigating. To manage the reliability of data between two endpoints, TCP uses ordered sequence numbers (SYN) and acknowledgements (ACKs).  For example, data is broken up into packets, and each packet is given a sequence number. (Data to be sent) = Packet A – SYN 1 , Packet B – SYN2 , Packet C – SYN3 Each packet is sent in sequential order, and as each packet arrives to its destination, the destination endpoint sends a unique acknowledgement (ACK) back to the transmitter as a way to verify the data has been received in its proper order. ACK 1 [Packet A – SYN1], ACK 2 ACK 1 [Packet B – SYN2], ACK 3 [Packet A – SYN3], If the data arrives out of order, a duplicate ACK is ...

Internet Usage Information and Reports

The Global Internet Phenomena Report is published twice a year by Sandvine . Archives of previous reports are also available on the site. The site also tracks trends and blogs regularly information relating to different aspects of the Internet and how its used by the masses. I highly recommend this site which can be accessed by clicking here .

Cable to Convert VGA to HDMI, or Analog to Digital

The Answer : Even though they can be purchased online, the claim that an analog (VGA) to digital (HDMI or DVI) cable in and of itself performing such a conversion simply is not true. For example,  people run into this issue when they want to connect a laptop/desktop without an HDMI port to a digital monitor port with only a DVI port or a TV screen with an HDMI port. VGA to HDMI Cable I personally have had people not heed this advice, only to be seriously disappointed after having spent the money. There are instances where this cable will work... The VGA card in the device you are using (laptop/desktop) must be able to output a digital signal. This simply is not the case for most devices. When people are selling these cables from places like eBay, at times they may state this important piece of information in  very small print. So how do you get that device connected to your new digital TV or Monitor?  You have some options... 1). You can p...